India Makhana Production & Export Outlook

India exported over 7,000 metric tonnes of makhana and value-added makhana products to more than 20 international markets in FY26, including the United States, the Middle East, and Africa, according to the Ministry of Commerce. As the world’s largest producer, India’s cultivation is primarily concentrated in Bihar, West Bengal, and Assam, with Bihar alone accounting for nearly 85% of total domestic production. The GI-tagged Mithila Makhana is gaining widespread international recognition for its rich nutritional profile and culinary versatility. Supported by rising global health consciousness, innovative startups creating ready-to-eat consumer products, and active participation from Farmer-Producer Organisations (FPOs), the sector is rapidly transitioning from a regional specialty into a global superfood category. To formalize trade and accelerate export growth, the Government of India implemented a dedicated Harmonised System (HS) code for makhana in July 2025, enabling precise tracking in international trade databases. This was followed by the launch of the National Makhana Board in Bihar on September 15, 2025, alongside the approval of a ₹476.03 crore ($53.87 million) Central Sector Scheme running through 2030–31, featuring targeted allocations of ₹30 crore ($3.39 million) for FY26 and ₹90 crore ($9.47 million) for FY27. Designed to modernize harvesting and post-harvest infrastructure, the scheme focuses on high-quality seed distribution, R&D, branding, export promotion, and quality assurance—enhancing Bihar’s agricultural incomes while expanding the global footprint of GI-tagged Mithila Makhana.